Eastern Church Fathers on Penal Substitutionary Atonement: Patristic Teachings from Justin Martyr to
Explore the teachings of Eastern Church Fathers—Justin Martyr (c. 100–165 AD), Athanasius of Alexandria (c. 296–373 AD), Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 313–386 AD), Gregory Nazianzen (c. 329–390 AD), and John Chrysostom (c. 347–407 AD)—on Jesus' penal substitutionary atonement. This post compiles key quotes from their writings, sourced from the Ante-Nicene Fathers an...
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